ITと開発の英単語

ソフトウェア開発のための技術語彙

193語A1 · 9A2 · 26B1 · 92B2 · 52C1 · 14

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基本概念 · 28

単語レベル翻訳定義
codeA2コードinstructions written for a computer program
programA2プログラムa set of instructions that tells a computer what to do
softwareB1ソフトウェアprograms that make a computer work
hardwareB1ハードウェアthe physical parts of a computer, or metal tools
computerA1コンピュータa machine that stores and works with information
dataB1データfacts and information, often in numbers
fileA2ファイルa document kept on a computer
folderA2フォルダcover used to keep papers together
applicationB1アプリケーションa computer program made to do a certain task
appA1アプリa small thing on your phone or computer you can use
websiteA2ウェブサイトset of pages on the internet
browserB1ブラウザprogram for looking at the internet
serverB1サーバーa person who brings food or a computer that stores data
clientB1クライアントa computer that asks another computer for information
databaseB2データベースa large organised collection of information on a computer
networkB1ネットワークa group of things or people connected together
internetA2インターネットsystem that lets computers share information
downloadA2ダウンロードto get a file from the internet to your device
uploadB1アップロードto send a file from your computer to the internet
installA2インストールするto put something new in place and make it work
updateB1更新するto change something to make it more modern and complete
versionB1バージョンone form of something that may be different
featureB1機能important or interesting part of something
userB1ユーザーa person who uses something
passwordB1パスワードsecret word that lets you use something
loginA2ログインact of entering a computer system
logoutA2ログアウトthe act of leaving a computer program or system
accountB1アカウントa personal profile used to log into a website

プログラミング用語 · 31

単語レベル翻訳定義
variableB1変数a name that stores a value that can change
functionB1関数a named piece of code that performs a task
methodB1メソッドway of doing something
classA1クラスa plan for making many things of the same kind in a computer
objectB1オブジェクトa thing in a program that has data and actions
arrayB1配列an ordered list of values stored under one name
stringA2文字列a piece of text made of characters used in a program
integerB2整数whole number that is not a fraction
booleanB1ブーリアンtype that can only be true or false
loopB1ループa set of instructions that repeats many times in a program
conditionB1条件a test that decides whether part of a program runs
statementB1ステートメント、文a single instruction in a program that performs an action
expressionA2式a group of values and symbols in code that give a result
parameterC1パラメータrule or limit that controls how something is done
argumentA2引数a value passed into a part of a program to be used
returnA2返す、戻り値to send a value back from a piece of code
valueB1値the data that is stored inside a variable
typeA1型a kind or sort of something
syntaxB2構文the rules for how words are put together in a language
algorithmB2アルゴリズムa set of rules followed to solve a problem step by step
logicB1ロジックway of thinking that follows clear rules
operatorB1演算子a symbol used to perform an action on values
constantB1定数a value in a program that never changes
inputB1入力information or ideas you put into something
outputB1出力information that a computer program produces
interfaceB2インターフェースpoint where two systems or people meet and work together
abstractionC1抽象化a simple way of hiding complicated details in a program
scopeB1スコープrange of what something covers or deals with
callbackB2コールバックa piece of code that runs after another task finishes
asynchronousB2非同期not happening at the same time
synchronousB2同期happening at the same time

開発プロセス · 25

単語レベル翻訳定義
developB1開発するto grow or make something better over time
developerB1開発者a person who builds or creates something
programmerB2プログラマーa person who writes instructions for computers
engineerA2エンジニアa person who plans and builds computer programs
codingB1コーディングwriting instructions for a computer
debuggingB2デバッグfinding and fixing problems in a computer
bugA2バグa small insect or a problem in a computer
errorA2エラーsomething wrong, a mistake
fixA1修正するto make something broken work again
testingB2テストchecking that a computer program works correctly
deployB2デプロイするto make a new version of a program available to people
releaseB1リリースa new version of a program made available to people
buildA1ビルドto make something by putting parts together
compileB2コンパイルするto turn program code into a form a computer can run
compilerB2コンパイラa program that turns code into a form a computer can run
runtimeB2ランタイムthe time when a computer program is running
reviewB1レビューa check of someone's work before it is accepted
code reviewB1コードレビューthe process of checking someone else's code for mistakes
mergeB1マージするto join together into one
branchA2ブランチa separate copy of a project's code where changes can be made safely
version controlB1バージョン管理a system that saves and tracks changes made to files
agileB2アジャイルdescribing work done in short flexible stages
requirementB1要件something you must have or do
specificationC1仕様detailed plan of how something should be made
documentationB2ドキュメントofficial papers or written instructions

ウェブ開発 · 18

単語レベル翻訳定義
componentB1コンポーネントone part of a bigger thing
moduleB1モジュールone part of a bigger course or system
packageB1パッケージa set of code files you can add to a project
dependencyB2依存関係another piece of code that a program needs to work
requestB1リクエストa message asking a computer for something
responseB1レスポンスan answer to something said or done
routeB1ルートway from one place to another
routingB2ルーティングsending something along a chosen path
navigationB1ナビゲーションthe act of finding your way from place to place
layoutC1レイアウトway things are arranged in a space or on a page
templateB2テンプレートa pattern or guide used to make something
stylesheetB1スタイルシートset of rules for how a page should look
responsiveB2レスポンシブable to change and fit different screen sizes
mobileA2モバイルrelating to phones and other small devices you carry
desktopA2デスクトップrelating to a large computer used for work, not a phone
cross-platformB2クロスプラットフォームworking on different types of computers or systems
domainB2ドメインan area of knowledge or control, or a web address
cachingB2キャッシングstoring information so it can be found quickly later

データとストレージ · 18

単語レベル翻訳定義
rowA2行one line of information in a table
columnB1列a vertical line of information in a table
recordA2レコードa piece of information saved as one item in a table
fieldA1フィールドone part of a form or table that stores a piece of information
queryB1クエリquestion about something
backupB1バックアップextra copy kept in case something goes wrong
restoreB1復元to bring back to how it was before
storageB1ストレージkeeping things in a place until needed
cloudA1クラウドa place where your computer things are kept for you, not on your computer
localA2ローカルstored on your own device, not online
remoteB1リモートreached over a network, not on your own device
syncB1同期するto update data so it stays the same everywhere
importB1インポートto bring data into a program from somewhere else
exportB1エクスポートto send data out of a program to use elsewhere
encryptB2暗号化するchange data into a secret code for safety
decryptB2復号するto change a secret code back into clear words
compressionB2圧縮pressing something into a smaller space
formatB1フォーマットway something is set up or arranged

UI/UXデザイン · 33

単語レベル翻訳定義
designB1デザインa plan for how something looks and works
buttonA1ボタンa small object you press to make something happen
iconB1アイコンa small picture used to represent a program
toolbarB2ツールバーa row of buttons on a computer screen
sidebarB2サイドバーextra information shown at the side of a page
headerB2ヘッダーhitting a ball with your head, or text at the top of a page
footerB2フッターinformation shown at the bottom of a page
modalB1モーダルa small window that pops up on top of the page
popupB1ポップアップwindow or thing that appears suddenly
tooltipB1ツールチップsmall message that appears when you point at something
notificationB1通知official message telling about something
alertB1アラートa message that warns you about something important
formA2フォームa shape or a paper with spaces to write in
checkboxB1チェックボックスsmall square you mark with a tick
dropdownB1ドロップダウンlist that opens down when you click on it
sliderB2スライダーthing that moves smoothly along a track
toggleB2トグルa small switch, or to change between two states
scrollB2スクロールto move text up or down on a screen
tapA2タップa quick touch on a screen with a finger
swipeB2スワイプto move your finger across a screen, or to hit
gestureB1ジェスチャーmovement of hand or body to show meaning
animationB1アニメーションpictures made to seem to move
transitionB1トランジションa change from one thing to another
loadingB1読み込み中a page or app getting ready to show its content
spinnerC1スピナーa small turning circle that shows the app is still loading
placeholderB2プレースホルダーsomething that fills a space until replaced
themeB1テーマa set of colors and styles used in an app
dark modeB1ダークモードscreen setting with dark colors to help eyes
accessibilityB2アクセシビリティhow easy it is for everyone to use or reach something
usabilityC1ユーザビリティhow easy something is to use
wireframeB2ワイヤーフレームa simple drawing showing the basic shape of something
prototypeB2プロトタイプthe first model of something before many are made
mockupB2モックアップsimple model of something not yet finished

DevOpsとツール · 20

単語レベル翻訳定義
commandB1コマンドan instruction typed for a computer to carry out
consoleB1コンソールa screen used to type commands and control a computer program
scriptB1スクリプトa short computer program that performs a task automatically
automationB2自動化use of machines to do work without human help
pipelineB2パイプラインa series of automated steps that build and deliver software
environmentB1環境the place on a computer where a program runs
productionB1本番環境the live system that real users use
stagingB2ステージングa test system that copies the live one before release
monitoringB1モニタリングwatching and checking something over time
loggingB2ロギングthe recording of events that happen in a computer system
debugB2デバッグするto find and fix problems in a machine or code
traceB1トレースa record of the steps a program follows while running
performanceB1パフォーマンスhow well and quickly a computer system works
load balancingB2負荷分散sharing work equally between systems
latencyB2レイテンシtime between an action and its result
throughputC1スループットamount of work done or material processed in time
downtimeC1ダウンタイムtime when a computer system is not working
uptimeC1アップタイムtime when a system or machine is working
incidentB1インシデントevent, usually bad or unusual
rollbackB2ロールバックa return of a system to an earlier version after a problem

よく使う動詞 · 20

単語レベル翻訳定義
implementB1実装するto put a plan into action
executeB2実行するto run a computer program
initializeC1初期化するto set up or prepare for first use
validateC1検証するto prove that something is true or correct
fetchB1取得するto get data from another place, like the internet
submitB1送信するto give something to someone to look at
deleteB1削除するto remove something, usually from a computer
createB1作成するto make something new
editA2編集するto change and fix a piece of writing or video
modifyB1変更するto change something a little
configureB2設定するto set up or arrange parts for use
integrateB1統合するto bring different things together as one
optimizeB2最適化するto make something work as well as possible
scaleB1スケールするto increase how much work a system can handle
migrateB2移行するto move data from one system to another
iterateC1反復するto repeat the same steps many times, often improving each time
replicateC1複製するto make an exact copy of something
overrideC1オーバーライドするto replace an existing function with a new one
extendB1拡張するto make longer or bigger
inheritB1継承するto get features from another class in a program

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