Англійські слова на тему «IT та розробка»

Технічна лексика для розробки програмного забезпечення

193 словаA1 · 9A2 · 26B1 · 92B2 · 52C1 · 14

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Базові поняття · 28

СловоРівеньПерекладВизначення
codeA2кодinstructions written for a computer program
programA2програмаa set of instructions that tells a computer what to do
softwareB1програмне забезпеченняprograms that make a computer work
hardwareB1апаратне забезпеченняthe physical parts of a computer, or metal tools
computerA1комп'ютерa machine that stores and works with information
dataB1даніfacts and information, often in numbers
fileA2файлa document kept on a computer
folderA2папкаcover used to keep papers together
applicationB1застосунок, програмаa computer program made to do a certain task
appA1застосунокa small thing on your phone or computer you can use
websiteA2сайт, вебсайтset of pages on the internet
browserB1браузерprogram for looking at the internet
serverB1серверa person who brings food or a computer that stores data
clientB1клієнтa computer that asks another computer for information
databaseB2база данихa large organised collection of information on a computer
networkB1мережаa group of things or people connected together
internetA2інтернетsystem that lets computers share information
downloadA2завантажитиto get a file from the internet to your device
uploadB1вивантажитиto send a file from your computer to the internet
installA2встановитиto put something new in place and make it work
updateB1оновитиto change something to make it more modern and complete
versionB1версіяone form of something that may be different
featureB1можливість, функціональністьimportant or interesting part of something
userB1користувачa person who uses something
passwordB1парольsecret word that lets you use something
loginA2вхід, логінact of entering a computer system
logoutA2вихідthe act of leaving a computer program or system
accountB1обліковий записa personal profile used to log into a website

Терміни програмування · 31

СловоРівеньПерекладВизначення
variableB1зміннаa name that stores a value that can change
functionB1функціяa named piece of code that performs a task
methodB1методway of doing something
classA1класa plan for making many things of the same kind in a computer
objectB1об'єктa thing in a program that has data and actions
arrayB1масивan ordered list of values stored under one name
stringA2рядокa piece of text made of characters used in a program
integerB2ціле числоwhole number that is not a fraction
booleanB1булеве значенняtype that can only be true or false
loopB1циклa set of instructions that repeats many times in a program
conditionB1умоваa test that decides whether part of a program runs
statementB1інструкція, операторa single instruction in a program that performs an action
expressionA2виразa group of values and symbols in code that give a result
parameterC1параметрrule or limit that controls how something is done
argumentA2аргументa value passed into a part of a program to be used
returnA2повертати, поверненняto send a value back from a piece of code
valueB1значенняthe data that is stored inside a variable
typeA1типa kind or sort of something
syntaxB2синтаксисthe rules for how words are put together in a language
algorithmB2алгоритмa set of rules followed to solve a problem step by step
logicB1логікаway of thinking that follows clear rules
operatorB1операторa symbol used to perform an action on values
constantB1константаa value in a program that never changes
inputB1введенняinformation or ideas you put into something
outputB1виведенняinformation that a computer program produces
interfaceB2інтерфейсpoint where two systems or people meet and work together
abstractionC1абстракціяa simple way of hiding complicated details in a program
scopeB1область видимостіrange of what something covers or deals with
callbackB2зворотний викликa piece of code that runs after another task finishes
asynchronousB2асинхроннийnot happening at the same time
synchronousB2синхроннийhappening at the same time

Процес розробки · 25

СловоРівеньПерекладВизначення
developB1розроблятиto grow or make something better over time
developerB1розробникa person who builds or creates something
programmerB2програмістa person who writes instructions for computers
engineerA2інженерa person who plans and builds computer programs
codingB1написання коду, програмуванняwriting instructions for a computer
debuggingB2налагодження, дебагінгfinding and fixing problems in a computer
bugA2баг, помилкаa small insect or a problem in a computer
errorA2помилкаsomething wrong, a mistake
fixA1виправлятиto make something broken work again
testingB2тестуванняchecking that a computer program works correctly
deployB2розгортати, деплоїтиto make a new version of a program available to people
releaseB1реліз, випускa new version of a program made available to people
buildA1збірка, білдto make something by putting parts together
compileB2компілюватиto turn program code into a form a computer can run
compilerB2компіляторa program that turns code into a form a computer can run
runtimeB2середовище виконанняthe time when a computer program is running
reviewB1перевірка, рев'юa check of someone's work before it is accepted
code reviewB1перевірка коду, код-рев'юthe process of checking someone else's code for mistakes
mergeB1злити, мерджитиto join together into one
branchA2гілка, бранчa separate copy of a project's code where changes can be made safely
version controlB1контроль версійa system that saves and tracks changes made to files
agileB2гнучкий, аджайлdescribing work done in short flexible stages
requirementB1вимогаsomething you must have or do
specificationC1специфікаціяdetailed plan of how something should be made
documentationB2документаціяofficial papers or written instructions

Веброзробка · 18

СловоРівеньПерекладВизначення
componentB1компонентone part of a bigger thing
moduleB1модульone part of a bigger course or system
packageB1пакетa set of code files you can add to a project
dependencyB2залежністьanother piece of code that a program needs to work
requestB1запитa message asking a computer for something
responseB1відповідьan answer to something said or done
routeB1маршрут, роутway from one place to another
routingB2маршрутизаціяsending something along a chosen path
navigationB1навігаціяthe act of finding your way from place to place
layoutC1розмітка, макетway things are arranged in a space or on a page
templateB2шаблонa pattern or guide used to make something
stylesheetB1таблиця стилівset of rules for how a page should look
responsiveB2адаптивний, респонсивнийable to change and fit different screen sizes
mobileA2мобільнийrelating to phones and other small devices you carry
desktopA2десктоп, настільнийrelating to a large computer used for work, not a phone
cross-platformB2кросплатформнийworking on different types of computers or systems
domainB2доменan area of knowledge or control, or a web address
cachingB2кешуванняstoring information so it can be found quickly later

Дані та сховище · 18

СловоРівеньПерекладВизначення
rowA2рядок таблиціone line of information in a table
columnB1стовпецьa vertical line of information in a table
recordA2записa piece of information saved as one item in a table
fieldA1полеone part of a form or table that stores a piece of information
queryB1запит до бази данихquestion about something
backupB1резервна копіяextra copy kept in case something goes wrong
restoreB1відновлюватиto bring back to how it was before
storageB1сховищеkeeping things in a place until needed
cloudA1хмараa place where your computer things are kept for you, not on your computer
localA2локальнийstored on your own device, not online
remoteB1віддаленийreached over a network, not on your own device
syncB1синхронізуватиto update data so it stays the same everywhere
importB1імпортуватиto bring data into a program from somewhere else
exportB1експортуватиto send data out of a program to use elsewhere
encryptB2шифруватиchange data into a secret code for safety
decryptB2розшифруватиto change a secret code back into clear words
compressionB2стисненняpressing something into a smaller space
formatB1форматway something is set up or arranged

UI/UX-дизайн · 33

СловоРівеньПерекладВизначення
designB1дизайнa plan for how something looks and works
buttonA1кнопкаa small object you press to make something happen
iconB1іконкаa small picture used to represent a program
toolbarB2панель інструментівa row of buttons on a computer screen
sidebarB2бічна панельextra information shown at the side of a page
headerB2заголовокhitting a ball with your head, or text at the top of a page
footerB2підвалinformation shown at the bottom of a page
modalB1модальне вікноa small window that pops up on top of the page
popupB1спливаюче вікноwindow or thing that appears suddenly
tooltipB1підказкаsmall message that appears when you point at something
notificationB1сповіщенняofficial message telling about something
alertB1оповіщенняa message that warns you about something important
formA2формаa shape or a paper with spaces to write in
checkboxB1прапорецьsmall square you mark with a tick
dropdownB1випадний списокlist that opens down when you click on it
sliderB2слайдерthing that moves smoothly along a track
toggleB2перемикачa small switch, or to change between two states
scrollB2прокручуватиto move text up or down on a screen
tapA2натисканняa quick touch on a screen with a finger
swipeB2свайпати, провести пальцемto move your finger across a screen, or to hit
gestureB1жестmovement of hand or body to show meaning
animationB1анімаціяpictures made to seem to move
transitionB1перехідa change from one thing to another
loadingB1завантаженняa page or app getting ready to show its content
spinnerC1індикатор завантаженняa small turning circle that shows the app is still loading
placeholderB2заповнювачsomething that fills a space until replaced
themeB1темаa set of colors and styles used in an app
dark modeB1темна темаscreen setting with dark colors to help eyes
accessibilityB2доступністьhow easy it is for everyone to use or reach something
usabilityC1зручність використанняhow easy something is to use
wireframeB2каркасa simple drawing showing the basic shape of something
prototypeB2прототипthe first model of something before many are made
mockupB2макетsimple model of something not yet finished

DevOps та інструменти · 20

СловоРівеньПерекладВизначення
commandB1командаan instruction typed for a computer to carry out
consoleB1консольa screen used to type commands and control a computer program
scriptB1скриптa short computer program that performs a task automatically
automationB2автоматизаціяuse of machines to do work without human help
pipelineB2пайплайнa series of automated steps that build and deliver software
environmentB1середовищеthe place on a computer where a program runs
productionB1продакшнthe live system that real users use
stagingB2стейджингa test system that copies the live one before release
monitoringB1моніторингwatching and checking something over time
loggingB2логуванняthe recording of events that happen in a computer system
debugB2відлагоджуватиto find and fix problems in a machine or code
traceB1трасуванняa record of the steps a program follows while running
performanceB1продуктивністьhow well and quickly a computer system works
load balancingB2балансування навантаженняsharing work equally between systems
latencyB2затримкаtime between an action and its result
throughputC1пропускна здатністьamount of work done or material processed in time
downtimeC1час простоюtime when a computer system is not working
uptimeC1час роботиtime when a system or machine is working
incidentB1інцидентevent, usually bad or unusual
rollbackB2відкатa return of a system to an earlier version after a problem

Поширені дієслова · 20

СловоРівеньПерекладВизначення
implementB1реалізовуватиto put a plan into action
executeB2виконуватиto run a computer program
initializeC1ініціалізуватиto set up or prepare for first use
validateC1валідуватиto prove that something is true or correct
fetchB1отримуватиto get data from another place, like the internet
submitB1відправлятиto give something to someone to look at
deleteB1видалятиto remove something, usually from a computer
createB1створюватиto make something new
editA2редагуватиto change and fix a piece of writing or video
modifyB1змінюватиto change something a little
configureB2налаштовуватиto set up or arrange parts for use
integrateB1інтегруватиto bring different things together as one
optimizeB2оптимізуватиto make something work as well as possible
scaleB1масштабуватиto increase how much work a system can handle
migrateB2мігруватиto move data from one system to another
iterateC1ітеруватиto repeat the same steps many times, often improving each time
replicateC1реплікуватиto make an exact copy of something
overrideC1перевизначатиto replace an existing function with a new one
extendB1розширюватиto make longer or bigger
inheritB1успадковуватиto get features from another class in a program

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