Cuvinte în engleză despre sală și antrenament

Vocabular despre antrenamentul la sală, mușchi, echipament și recuperare

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Mușchi și anatomie · 25

Cuvânt	Nivel	Traducere	Definiție
biceps	B1	biceps	large muscle on the front of the upper arm
triceps	C1	triceps	large muscle on the back of the upper arm
deltoid	B2	deltoid	large triangle-shaped muscle of the shoulder
chest	A2	piept	the front part of your body below your neck
pectoral	B2	pectoral	a muscle in the chest area of your body
back	A1	spate	the part of your body behind you, from your neck to your legs
lats	B2	dorsali	the large muscles on the sides of your back
trapezius	B2	trapez	a large muscle in the upper back and neck
abs	B1	abdominale	muscles on the front of your stomach
core	B1	core, mușchii trunchiului	the muscles around your stomach and back that support your body
obliques	B2	oblici	muscles on the sides of your stomach area
glutes	B1	fesieri	large muscles in your bottom
quadriceps	C1	cvadriceps	large muscle at the front of the upper leg
hamstrings	B1	ischiocrurale	muscles at the back of your upper leg
calves	A2	gambe	the back part of the leg below the knee
forearm	B2	antebraț	the lower part of your arm between elbow and hand
shoulder	A1	umăr	the top part of your arm where it meets your body
hip	B1	șold	part of your body where your legs join
thigh	A2	coapsă	the top part of your leg above the knee
shin	B1	tibie	front part of your leg below the knee
ligament	C1	ligament	strong band in the body that holds bones together
tendon	B1	tendon	a strong part inside your body that joins muscle to bone
cartilage	B2	cartilaj	firm flexible tissue in the body, found in the ear and nose
rotator cuff	B2	manșetă rotatoare	a group of muscles that hold the shoulder joint together
muscle fiber	B2	fibră musculară	a thin thread-like part inside a body part that moves

Echipament de sală · 25

Cuvânt	Nivel	Traducere	Definiție
barbell	B1	bară	long metal bar with heavy weights for exercise
dumbbell	A2	ganteră	weight for exercise held in one hand
kettlebell	B1	kettlebell	heavy ball with a handle for exercise
weight plate	B1	disc	a heavy round thing you put on a bar for exercise
bench	A2	bancă	a long seat you lie on to lift weights
rack	B2	suport	a frame for holding or hanging things
squat rack	B1	suport pentru genuflexiuni	metal frame for doing heavy leg exercises
cable machine	B1	aparat cu cablu	gym equipment with wires and weights
treadmill	B1	bandă de alergare	a machine for walking or running inside
elliptical	B2	eliptică	gym machine for a smooth walking motion that works arms and legs
stationary bike	B1	bicicletă staționară	exercise bike that stays in one place
rowing machine	B1	aparat de vâslit	exercise machine that copies boat rowing
pull-up bar	B1	bară de tracțiuni	metal bar you hold to pull your body up
resistance band	B1	bandă elastică	an elastic band used for exercise
foam roller	B1	rolă de masaj	soft round tool for stretching muscles
mat	A2	saltea	a flat piece of material on a floor or table
jump rope	A2	coardă de sărit	rope you jump over again and again as exercise
medicine ball	B1	minge medicinală	heavy ball used for exercise
stability ball	B1	minge de fitness	large soft ball for exercise
weight belt	B1	centură de forță	wide belt worn around the waist for support while lifting heavy weights
wrist wrap	B2	bandaj de încheietură	a band worn around the wrist for support
lifting straps	B2	chingi	bands worn on the wrists to help hold heavy weights
gloves	A2	mănuși	coverings for your hands with parts for fingers
locker	B1	dulap	small metal box with a lock for keeping things safe
water bottle	A1	sticlă de apă	a thing for carrying a drink

Exerciții și mișcări · 25

Cuvânt	Nivel	Traducere	Definiție
bench press	B1	împins de pe bancă	exercise of pushing weight up while lying down
deadlift	B1	îndreptări	exercise of lifting a heavy bar from the floor
squat	C1	genuflexiune	an exercise of bending your knees to lower your body then standing up
lunge	B1	fandări	an exercise where you step forward and bend both legs
pull-up	B1	tracțiune	exercise of pulling your body up on a bar
chin-up	B1	tracțiune inversă	exercise pulling yourself up with arms on a bar
dip	A2	flotări pe paralele	an exercise of pushing your body up with your arms between two bars
row	A2	ramat	an exercise of pulling a weight toward your body
curl	B2	flexie	an exercise of bending your arm to lift a weight
extension	B2	extensie	an exercise of straightening a bent part of your body
press	B1	împins	an exercise of pushing a weight away from your body
fly	A1	fluturări	an exercise of moving your arms out and back with weights
raise	A2	ridicare	an exercise of lifting a weight up using your arms
crunch	A2	abdomene	an exercise where you lift your upper body while lying down
plank	B2	planșă	an exercise where you hold your body straight like a board
burpee	B1	burpee	exercise where you jump up then go down flat
jumping jack	B1	sărituri cu stea	exercise of jumping with arms and legs out
mountain climber	B1	alpinist	a fast exercise done on the floor, moving your knees toward your hands
leg press	B1	presă de picioare	exercise of pushing weight with your legs
calf raise	B1	ridicări pe vârfuri	exercise of standing on your toes to lift up
hip thrust	B2	ridicare de bazin	an exercise where you push your hips upward
shrug	B2	ridicare de umeri	an exercise of lifting your shoulders up and down with weights
pullover	A2	pullover	an exercise of moving a weight from above your head down to your chest
clean and jerk	B2	aruncat	a weight lifting move in two stages
snatch	B2	smuls	a weightlifting move where you lift the bar overhead in one motion

Termeni de antrenament · 24

Cuvânt	Nivel	Traducere	Definiție
rep	B1	repetiție	one time you do a movement in an exercise
set	A1	serie	a group of exercise movements done one after another
weight	A1	greutate	how heavy something is
load	A2	încărcătură	the amount of weight used in an exercise
intensity	C1	intensitate	how hard your body works during an exercise
volume	B1	volum	the total amount of exercise you do in training
form	A2	execuție, formă	the correct way you move your body in an exercise
technique	B1	tehnică	way of doing something that needs skill
range of motion	B2	amplitudine de mișcare	how far a body part can move in any direction
progressive overload	B2	supraîncărcare progresivă	slowly adding more weight or effort in exercise over time
superset	C1	superset, două exerciții consecutive	two exercises done one right after the other
drop set	B2	set cu reducerea greutății	an exercise where you reduce weight each round
failure	A2	eșec muscular	the point when you cannot do the exercise again
warm-up	B2	încălzire	exercises done to get the body ready for activity
cool-down	B1	revenire după efort	slow exercise after a hard workout
split	A2	program split	a plan to train different body parts on different days
bulk	B1	perioadă de masă	a time of eating more and training to gain muscle
cut	A1	definire	a time of eating less food so your body has less fat
maintenance	B1	menținere	work done to keep something in good condition
plateau	B2	platou	a time when you stop making progress in training
one-rep max	B2	maximul pe o repetiție	the most weight you can lift one time
spotter	C1	asistent	a person who helps you safely lift heavy weight
spot	A1	a asista	to stand near someone and help them stay safe while they train with weights
pump	B1	pompare	the feeling of muscles getting bigger with blood after exercise

Recuperare și accidentări · 24

Cuvânt	Nivel	Traducere	Definiție
recovery	B1	recuperare	getting your body back to normal after hard exercise
rest day	A2	zi de odihnă	a day when you do not exercise, to give your body time to heal
muscle soreness	B1	durere musculară	pain in muscles after exercise
injury	A2	accidentare	damage done to a part of the body
strain	B1	întindere	damage to a muscle from stretching it too far
sprain	B2	entorsă	an injury to a joint caused by twisting it suddenly
tear	A2	ruptură	an injury where part of the body has ripped
inflammation	B2	inflamație	swelling, redness, and pain in part of the body
swelling	B2	umflătură	a part of the body that has become bigger than normal
bruise	B1	vânătaie	a dark mark on skin from being hit
overtraining	B2	supraantrenament	doing too much exercise, so your body gets weak
fatigue	C1	oboseală	extreme tiredness, especially from hard work or exercise
massage	A2	masaj	pressing and rubbing the body to feel better
physiotherapy	B2	fizioterapie	treatment using exercise and touch to help the body
ice pack	B1	compresă cu gheață	bag of cold material put on a hurt body part
heat therapy	B2	terapie cu căldură	using warmth to treat pain in the body
compression	B2	compresie	pressing on an injury with a bandage to reduce swelling
elevation	B2	ridicarea membrului	raising an injured part of the body higher than the heart
stretching	B1	stretching	pulling your body to make muscles longer
mobility	B2	mobilitate	the ability to move or be moved easily
sleep quality	B1	calitatea somnului	how well you sleep at night
protein shake	B1	shake proteic	drink with extra substance for body growth
post-workout	B1	post-antrenament	after you finish exercising
pre-workout	B1	pre-antrenament	before you start exercising

Măsurători corporale · 9

Cuvânt	Nivel	Traducere	Definiție
body fat	B1	grăsime corporală	the amount of fat in your body, shown as a percentage
lean mass	B2	masă slabă	the weight of your body without fat
muscle mass	B1	masă musculară	amount of muscle in your body
waist	A2	talie	the narrow middle part of your body
measurements	B1	măsurători	sizes found by using a tool
scale	B1	cântar	size of something, or tool for weighing
gains	B1	progres	increase in muscle size and strength from training
definition	B1	definire musculară	how clearly your muscles show under your skin
vascularity	B2	vascularitate	the amount of blood vessels in a part of the body

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