Từ vựng tiếng Anh chủ đề xây dựng & cải tạo

Từ vựng về xây dựng, cải tạo và dự án tự làm

110 từA1 · 2A2 · 28B1 · 45B2 · 19C1 · 16

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Công cụ · 25

Từ	Cấp độ	Bản dịch	Định nghĩa
hammer	B1	búa	tool with a heavy head for hitting nails
nail	B1	đinh	thin metal spike used to join pieces of wood
screw	A2	vít	small metal piece that holds things together
screwdriver	B1	tua vít	tool for turning screws
drill	B1	máy khoan	a tool that makes holes or to practice something
saw	A1	cưa	a tool with sharp teeth for cutting wood
wrench	B1	cờ lê	tool for turning nuts and bolts
pliers	B1	kìm	tool for holding and bending things
tape measure	A2	thước cuộn	long thin tool for measuring length
level	A2	thước thủy	a tool that shows if a surface is flat or straight
ladder	B1	thang	tool with steps for climbing up high
scaffolding	C1	giàn giáo	metal frame around a building being repaired
shovel	B1	xẻng	tool with a wide flat blade for digging
pickaxe	B2	cuốc chim	a tool with a sharp point used to break rock or ground
wheelbarrow	B1	xe rùa	a small thing with one wheel for carrying heavy things
paintbrush	B2	cọ sơn	a tool with soft hair used to put paint on things
roller	B1	con lăn	a tube that turns and is used to spread or press things
sandpaper	B2	giấy nhám	rough paper used to make wood smooth
chisel	C1	đục	a sharp-edged tool for cutting or shaping wood or stone
crowbar	A2	xà beng	strong metal bar used to pull things apart
jackhammer	C1	búa khoan	heavy power tool used to break hard ground
crane	A2	cần cẩu	tall machine used for lifting heavy things
bulldozer	B1	xe ủi	large heavy machine for pushing earth
excavator	B1	máy xúc	large machine used for digging earth
toolbox	B1	hộp đồ nghề	box for keeping tools in

Vật liệu · 25

Từ	Cấp độ	Bản dịch	Định nghĩa
brick	B1	gạch	hard red block used to build walls
cement	B1	xi măng	a powder mixed with water to hold bricks together
concrete	B1	bê tông	hard grey material used to make roads and buildings
mortar	B2	vữa	a wet mix used to join bricks together
wood	A2	gỗ	hard material from trees
lumber	B1	gỗ xẻ	wood that has been cut into flat boards
timber	B1	gỗ xây dựng	wood prepared for building or making things
plywood	B2	gỗ dán	strong flat wood made of thin layers stuck together
drywall	C1	tấm thạch cao	boards made of plaster used for building interior walls
insulation	C1	cách nhiệt	material that stops heat or sound from passing through
steel	B1	thép	very strong metal made from iron
iron	A2	sắt	a strong hard grey metal
metal	A2	kim loại	hard strong material like iron or gold
tile	A2	gạch lát	flat piece used to cover walls or floors
grout	C1	keo chà ron	a paste for filling gaps between tiles or bricks
paint	A1	sơn	colored liquid you put on walls or use to make pictures
primer	B2	sơn lót	a coat of paint put on a surface before painting
varnish	B2	vecni	a clear liquid painted on wood to make it shine
adhesive	C1	keo dán	a substance used to stick things together, like glue
sealant	C1	chất bịt kín	substance used to close gaps and stop leaks
pipe	B1	ống	long tube for water or gas to flow through
wire	B1	dây điện	a thin long piece of metal
cable	A2	cáp	a thick wire or rope for carrying power
rebar	B2	cốt thép	metal bars put inside concrete to make it strong
beam	B1	dầm	a long strong piece used to support a building

Các loại công việc · 21

Từ	Cấp độ	Bản dịch	Định nghĩa
construction	B1	xây dựng	the work of building something
renovation	C1	cải tạo	work done to repair and improve a building
demolition	C1	phá dỡ	the act of deliberately destroying a building
foundation	B1	nền móng	base on which something is built
framing	B2	khung	the work of building the inner structure that holds up a house
roofing	B1	lợp mái	the work of putting a roof on a building
plumbing	B1	hệ thống ống nước	system of water pipes in a building
wiring	B1	đi dây điện	system of electrical wires in a building or machine
electrical work	B1	công việc điện	job of putting in or fixing wires for power
painting	A2	sơn tường	the work of covering walls with paint
plastering	C1	trát vữa	covering walls with a smooth layer of material
tiling	A2	lát gạch	the work of covering floors and walls with flat square pieces
flooring	B1	lát sàn	the work of putting a new floor covering in a room
installation	C1	lắp đặt	process of putting a new system or machine in place
repair	A2	sửa chữa	work done to fix something that is broken
maintenance	B1	bảo trì	work done to keep something in good condition
waterproofing	B2	chống thấm	making something so water cannot pass through it
landscaping	B1	thiết kế cảnh quan	making an area of land look more beautiful
excavation	B2	đào đất	act of digging things out of the ground
paving	B2	lát đường	the work of covering the ground with a hard flat surface
finishing	A2	hoàn thiện	the last stage of building work that makes it ready to use

Nghề nghiệp · 19

Từ	Cấp độ	Bản dịch	Định nghĩa
builder	B1	thợ xây	person who makes buildings
construction worker	A2	công nhân xây dựng	a person who builds houses and buildings
electrician	B1	thợ điện	person who works with power and wires
plumber	A2	thợ sửa ống nước	a person who fixes water pipes
carpenter	A2	thợ mộc	a person who builds and repairs wooden parts of houses
joiner	B2	thợ mộc tinh	a worker who makes doors, windows and stairs from wood
painter	A2	thợ sơn	a person who paints pictures or walls
decorator	B1	thợ trang trí	person whose job is to paint rooms
roofer	C1	thợ lợp mái	person whose job is to build or fix roofs
bricklayer	B1	thợ nề	person whose job is building with bricks
mason	B1	thợ đá	person who builds with stone or brick
welder	B2	thợ hàn	a person who joins metal parts by heating them
glazier	B2	thợ lắp kính	a person whose job is to fit glass into windows
tiler	C1	thợ lát gạch	person whose job is to put flat pieces on walls
architect	A2	kiến trúc sư	a person who plans how buildings look
foreman	B2	đốc công	a person in charge of a group of workers
contractor	B2	nhà thầu	a person or company hired to do a specific job
inspector	A2	thanh tra	person who checks things are done right
surveyor	C1	trắc địa viên	person who measures and studies land or buildings

An toàn & thiết bị · 20

Từ	Cấp độ	Bản dịch	Định nghĩa
helmet	A2	mũ bảo hộ	a hard hat that keeps your head safe
hard hat	B1	mũ bảo hộ lao động	strong hat worn to keep your head safe
safety vest	B1	áo phản quang	bright clothing worn so people can see you
goggles	A2	kính bảo hộ	large glasses that protect your eyes
safety glasses	B1	kính bảo hộ	glasses that keep your eyes safe from harm
gloves	A2	găng tay	coverings for your hands with parts for fingers
boots	A2	ủng	strong shoes that cover your feet and ankles
harness	B1	dây đai an toàn	straps you wear to stop yourself falling from a high place
earplugs	B1	nút bịt tai	soft things you put in ears to stop noise
mask	A2	khẩu trang	something you put over your face to hide or protect it
respirator	C1	mặt nạ phòng độc	device worn over the face to help breathing
first aid kit	A2	hộp sơ cứu	box with things to help hurt people
fire extinguisher	B1	bình chữa cháy	thing that sprays to put out a fire
warning sign	B1	biển cảnh báo	something that shows a problem may come
barrier	B1	rào chắn	something that stops you from going through
caution tape	B2	băng cảnh báo	yellow tape used to keep people away from danger
hazard	B1	mối nguy	something that could cause danger or harm
accident	A2	tai nạn	something bad that happens by chance
injury	A2	chấn thương	damage done to a part of the body
precaution	B2	biện pháp phòng ngừa	something you do to stop bad things from happening

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